The given geometric sequence 8, 16, 32, 64 with corresponding x values of 1, 2, 3, 4 follows the function equation f(x) = 8(2)'x, where 8 represents the initial term and 2 is the common ratio between consecutive terms. By evaluating the function for x values 1, 2, 3, and 4, the resulting terms are 16, 32, 64, and 128 respectively. Thus, the simplified function equation for the geometric sequence is f(x) = 8(2)x.