There were several major conditions that fostered the rise of absolute monarchs in Europe, but the most significant was the fact that there was a huge economic gap between the poor and rich, making it impossible for the poor to be represented in government.
Absolute monarchs were also able to use the dispute over religion, which consumed all classes, to rise up as "divine beings" that God had chosen. The intense dogmatism in Absolutist Europe blinded the people, and it allowed Absolutism to reign.
