Answer AND Explanation:
Translation is the process by which mRNA is decoded and translated to produce a polypeptide sequence, otherwise known as a protein. This method of synthesizing proteins is directed by the mRNA and accomplished with the help of a ribosome, a large complex of ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs) and proteins.
In translation, a cell decodes the mRNA genetic information and assembles the new polypeptide chain. Transfer RNA translates the sequence of codons on the mRNA strand. The main function of the tRNA is to transfer free amino acids from the cytoplasm to the ribosome, where it is attached to the growing polypeptide chain.
tRNAs continue to add amino acids to the growing end of the polypeptide chain until they reach a stop codon on the mRNA. The ribosome then releases the completed protein into the cell. Translation enables the synthesis of different types of proteins that are essential in the body.
