Answer the following questions in your own words:
1. What was Locke’s belief about natural law and natural rights?
2. How did the English Bill of Rights influence the American Bill of Rights?
3. In Montesquieu’s The Spirit of Laws, what did he believe was the purpose of government and laws in general?
4. What is the role of the Social Contract Theory and what is the role of the citizen in this relationship? 25 point on the line i will mark
Answer: Locke believed in the equality of all people. English law has dramatically influenced colonies in the United States. Monetesque split the government. According to the theory mentioned, people live in the community.
Explanation:
Many scholars and philosophers consider British philosopher John Locke to be one of the most influential and innovative political thinkers of modern Western philosophy. His work, Two Debates on Government, aided the process of legitimizing the concept of natural law, as well as the principle that every human being has inalienable and self-fulfilling rights that no other person can ignore or violate. His stalls much fueled the American Revolution itself. His beliefs are primarily embedded in the American Declaration of Independence itself. He claimed that all people are equal, and that they are endowed with the Creator with certain inalienable rights, and that no one can deprive them of the individual.
The English Bill of Rights condemned King James II for arbitrariness and stressed that the King could not rule on his own without the influence of Parliament. The said law greatly influenced the US. The US Bill of Rights, in contrast to British law, which emphasizes the role of Parliament, empowers the people, not Congress. As such, it contains elements of democracy because it gives people an absolute power of power.
Montesquieu divided power into judicial, executive and legislative branches. Montesquieu says that the nature of government reflects the forms of government and determines the extent to which political rights are recognized for the population. It varies according to who is sovereign - so in the republic, the power belongs to either everyone (democracy) or part of the people (aristocracy), in monarchy sovereignty takes shape in the person of a ruler. Disposition is a form in which an individual rules without law and restriction by his with a whimsical will. He also points out that the principles of power drive rule, and that such a constitution makes society harmonious.
Social contract theory emphasizes that people live together in a society following agreements that establish moral and political rules of conduct. Contracts like this are valuable because they create harmony in society. Social contract theory aims to observe the basic rules of war, and the laws imposed by the institutions.
