Could two humans have some differences in their DNA sequences for insulin, yet still make the exact same insulin proteins? Give a brief explanation.

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musicwolf333 musicwolf333

21-05-2017
Biology

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Could two humans have some differences in their DNA sequences for insulin, yet still make the exact same insulin proteins? Give a brief explanation.

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kristoffer kristoffer · Answer 1 · 2017-05-21T21:26:41+02:00

DNA is copied and these copies are single stranded and called mRNA. mRNA gets translated and the information these mRNA-molecules have gathered from the DNA, triggers specific amino acids to bind and form proteins.
One amino acid is coded from three bases on the RNA. So for example: ATG codes for one amino acid, and CGA codes for another.
In many cases, different sequences can code for the same amino acid. For example: ATG and ATC results in the same amino acid.

That means that a difference in base sequence in the DNA can still result in the same protein being made.

luisvaschetto luisvaschetto · Answer 2 · 2021-10-24T17:48:28+02:00

Yes, it is possible that some differences in DNA sequences for insulin produce exactly the same insulin protein due to the redundancy of the genetic code. It means that there are different codons that encode the same amino acid.

In mRNA, a codon is a triplet of nucleotides that specifies a given amino acid during translation.

The genetic code is considered degenerated/redundant because there are different codons that encode for the same amino acid.

Thus, synonymous mutations can alter the nucleotide sequence but do not change the protein sequence.

In conclusion, it is possible that some differences in DNA sequences for insulin produce exactly the same insulin protein due to the redundancy of the genetic code.

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